Challenges with the use of ChatGPT

Abstract

The research explores awareness on the use of ChatGPT, and challenges of ChatGPT in healthcare and pharmacy education. With the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in academic and clinical settings, ChatGPT has gained attention as a potential tool for improving learning experiences, patient care, and research efficiency. Systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (Page et al, 2021) to understand the awareness of healthcare professionals on the use of ChatGPT in healthcare practice, and pharmacy education. Review made use of Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Proquest and ResearchGate. A total of 107 studies were reviewed and while 40% of the reviewed articles focused on the applications of ChatGPT in healthcare, 22% were about the limitations and ethical concerns associated with the use of ChatGPT in healthcare. The findings highlight the benefits of ChatGPT in enhancing personalized learning (n=11), facilitating research and supporting healthcare professionals in decision-making (n=43). Limitations and challenges such as ethical concerns, accuracy limitations, AI hallucinations and data privacy issues were also identified (n=23). The study presents evidence that while use of ChatGPT presents advantages, its integration into healthcare and pharmacy education requires caution, regulatory oversight, and continuous evaluation. Recommendations for future research, policy development, and educational frameworks are suggested to optimize the safe and effective use of AI-driven tools in healthcare.