Epidemiology and clinical features of Covid-19 patients admitted to Udayana University Hospital, Bali, during the first two years of Covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In only a year, COVID-19 had changed a lot of regular human lifestyle. World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic in March 2020. At March 2020, COVID-19 had entered Indonesia. Soon, Bali harbor the first death due to COVID-19 in the nation.

METHOD: The study collected data from medical records of patients admitted to Udayana University Hospital from April 2020 to March 2022. This report comprises epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics as well as treatment and outcome of the patients while discharged.

RESULTS: Patients mean age was 45.75 years old, with male constituting 53.8% of patients admitted. 113 (3.7%) patients had a history of international travels prior to admission. Almost all patients had fever (90.8%), and a majority had cough (79.3%) and sore throat (58.3%). Then, it was followed by less common traits such as chest tightness (39.7%), myalgia (31.3%), headache (29.4%), cold (19.0%), anosmia (15.1%), dizziness (12.7%), and diarrhea (4.6%). Laboratory results during admission showed an average leukocyte count of 1.76 ± 1.07 × 109 cells/L, neutrophil of 4.69 ± 2.96 × 109 cells/L, and lymphocyte of 1.76 ± 1.07 × 109 cells/L.

CONCLUSION: The first two year of COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia had shown how public health policies shaped the epidemiological characteristics of our patients. However, Udayana University Hospital being a tertiary referral COVID-19 hospital justifies a higher mortality rate of 5.2% compared to other studies.