Speech language pathology for individuals with cleft lip and/or palate

Abstract

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is among the most common congenital anomalies globally, significantly impacting speech, language, hearing, and psychosocial development (Kummer, 2020; Dixon et al., 2011). Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are crucial members of the multidisciplinary teams supporting individuals with CL/P from infancy to adulthood (Sell et al., 2013). However, public awareness of the SLP’s role remains limited, potentially affecting access to timely intervention (King et al., 2017). This study aimed to explore public awareness of SLP services for individuals with CL/P and assess satisfaction with these services among adults born with the condition in Malta. A mixed-method design was employed: a questionnaire (n=100) captured public perceptions, while structured interviews gathered the lived experiences of adults with CL/P. Quantitative results indicated moderate general awareness of the public but lower familiarity with the specialized roles of SLPs in areas such as hearing management, behavioural and referral pathways. Significant gender differences were found, with females demonstrating higher awareness. Qualitative analysis highlighted positive early intervention experiences among adults with CL/P but a notable reported gap in long-term follow-up into adulthood, consistent with previous literature (Willadsen et al., 2017; Stock et al., 2015). Unlike previous Maltese research, which focused on professionals’ perspectives (particularly SLPs working with children), this study instead examined the awareness of the general public and the service experiences of adults born with CL/P. This choice was made to address the gap in service-user and community perspectives, offering a complementary view of cleft care. These findings emphasize the need for increased public awareness, structured transition pathways for adults with CL/P, and enhanced visibility of SLPs within multidisciplinary cleft care teams. Future research should address longitudinal experiences and service gaps to improve outcomes across the lifespan.