Understanding hate speech and derogatory language against migrants and ethnic minorities in Malta : a qualitative analysis of social media comments and lived experiences

Abstract

In Malta and globally, there’s a concerning rise in hate speech and derogatory language, especially on the grounds of xenophobia, racism, and misogyny. Such speech can lead to discrimination, hate crimes, and violence. History shows that unchecked hate speech can be a precursor to atrocity crimes. Media platforms, and now social media have historically amplified these hateful messages, highlighting the dangerous potential of unchecked speech. Social media’s rapid dissemination capabilities have amplified the spread of hate speech, often targeting marginalised groups. These platforms can perpetuate harmful narratives, leading to real-world violence and discrimination. However, the same platforms also have the potential to counter such negativity. There have been positive efforts to combat online hate, but the resources dedicated to this cause don’t adequately address its extensive reach. More proactive action is essential. [excerpt from the Preface]