Suicide in Malta : exploring potential bereavement’s effect on the victim’s family and immediate circle

Abstract

This dissertation explores the phenomenon of suicide, specifically the effects of bereavement that the family members and social circle of the victim experience whilst going through the bereavement process. Such effects include the social aspect, which is impacted by stigmas imposed by society on the grieving party, the emotional, mental and physical well-being of the suicide loss survivor and the traumas and challenges these individuals face as a result. There is also the consideration of what coping mechanisms suicide loss survivors may adopt, such as alcoholism and drug abuse. With regards to the methodology, this research adopted a qualitative design with the use of semi-structured interviews, held with five professionals who work in the field pertaining to victims of suicide. The main findings of this research show that suicide loss survivors experience adverse effects from complicated bereavement, including conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mood disorders. Findings also show that children are susceptible to intense repercussions, such as developing anti-social tendencies. Additionally, stigmas can complicate the grieving process and survivors employ both positive and negative coping mechanisms. Recommendations for future studies demonstrate the need for more exposure on gender-based behaviour in relation to suicide loss, effects on children based on their developmental stage and transgenerational effects resulting from the stigma surrounding suicide.