Exploring refugees’ survival and coping mechanisms within the framework of migrant integration and Malta’s immigration policy

Abstract

Refugees in Malta face a variety of challenges, particularly in terms of social and economic integration, including discrimination, language barriers, and difficulties in finding employment. In addition to relying on their own resilience and determination to overcome adversity and succeed in their new community, refugees have devised a variety of practices to deal with these issues. The central question of this study is: How are refugees’ living conditions protected by Malta’s immigration and integration policy? In light of this, the study explores the opportunities, experiences, and challenges encountered by refugees, as well as the commonly adopted coping mechanisms. Employing a mix of sample surveys, focus groups, informal conversations, key informant interviews, and everyday lived experiences, the study reveals how refugees and asylum seekers navigate the complex legal system to obtain the necessary documentation. It also shows how they can improve their chances of survival and integration with a combination of support from local communities, nongovernmental organisations, and the government. It contributes to a better understanding of how rights, opportunities, and protection for refugees and asylum seekers across all spheres of life can engender social cohesion in a multicultural society.