The role of libraries in promoting and enhancing literacy in the Maltese language

Abstract

This thesis critically examines the role of libraries in promoting Maltese language literacy through an evaluation of both historical and contemporary practices. Motivated by Teuma's (2024) finding that English-language borrowing exceeded Maltese in 32 of 56 localities, this research applies theoretical frameworks, including Language Ecology and Cultural Capital Theory to understand the complex dynamics affecting Maltese language promotion in library contexts. Through semi-structured interviews with seven Malta Libraries executives, combined with a comprehensive analysis of statistical data spanning five decades, this study reveals that while libraries have historically served as crucial linguistic and cultural repositories, significant structural and policy gaps continue to limit their effectiveness in promoting Maltese literacy in today’s environment. The statistical analysis demonstrates that strategic, well-designed policy interventions can dramatically increase language usage—most notably, book loans increased by 524% following the establishment of the Central Public Library in 1974. However, contemporary challenges, including publisher resistance, outdated collection development policies, and generational language shift, require systematic intervention. This research contributes meaningfully to ongoing discourse on language promotion by identifying evidence-based strategies that leverage libraries' unique position as community based cultural brokers. Key findings indicate that successful Maltese language promotion requires integrated theoretical approaches, including the formation of communities of practice, increased access to cultural capital, and digital ecosystem optimization, all of which iv are critical for encouraging engagement with the Maltese language in an increasingly multilingual and digital world. Finally, the thesis argues that libraries function as active agents influencing Malta's evolving language ecosystem through conscious and inclusive practices, rather than as passive custodians of linguistic heritage.