The aftermath of suicide : a family perspective

Abstract

It is well established that the death of a family member constitutes a profoundly devastating loss (Fine, 1997; Sudak, Maxim, & Carpenter, 2008). However, families bereaved by suicide (often referred to as suicide survivors) face a qualitatively different grieving process, one that is frequently complicated by heightened psychological distress (Cvinar, 2005). Jordan (2008) noted that suicide survivors are at increased risk of mood disorders, trauma-related symptoms, and pervasive feelings of guilt and shame. In addition, these individuals often encounter stigma, which may contribute to social withdrawal and isolation (Provini, Everett, & Pfeffer, 2000). Growing evidence suggests that suicide cannot be understood in isolation from the broader social and cultural context in which it occurs, often reflecting prevailing societal values and norms (Stuart, 2009). This is particularly salient in cultures where dominant discourses surrounding suicide are shaped by strong religious or moral frameworks. Accordingly, such cultural perspectives must be carefully considered when examining the bereavement experiences of suicide survivors. Adopting a scholar– practitioner model of clinical psychology, this presentation seeks to bridge the gap between empirical research and clinical practice. It reviews the literature on the impact of suicide on the family and situates this evidence within the lived narrative of a mental health professional who is herself a suicide survivor. Through this integration, the authors highlight culturally specific features of Maltese society that shape the aftermath of suicide. Finally, recommendations are offered to support professionals in providing compassionate, culturally sensitive care to these often invisible families.