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dc.contributor.authorEllwood, Philippa
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, H.
dc.contributor.authorAit-Khaled, Nadia
dc.contributor.authorBjorksten, Bengt
dc.contributor.authorRobertson, Colin
dc.contributor.authorMontefort, Stephen
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-23T12:26:01Z
dc.date.available2017-10-23T12:26:01Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.identifier.citationEllwood, P., Williams, H., Aït-Khaled, N., Björkstén, B., Robertson, C., & ISAAC Phase III Study Group. (2009). Translation of questions: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) experience. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 13(9), 1174-1182.en_GB
dc.identifier.issn18157920
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar//handle/123456789/22909
dc.descriptionThe authors are grateful to the children and parents who participated in ISAAC Phase III and for the coordination and assistance by the school staff. Advice and comments on the manuscript by Associate Professor F Austermühl, Director of the Centre for Translation and Interpreting Studies, School of European Languages and Literatures, The University of Auckland, New Zealand, is also greatly appreciated. The authors also acknowledge and thank the many funding bodies throughout the world that supported the individual ISAAC centres and collaborators and their meetings. The current main source of funding for the ISAAC International Data Centre (IIDC) is The BUPA Foundation. Many New Zealand funding bodies have contributed support for the IIDC during the periods of fi eldwork and data compilation (the Health Research Council of New Zealand, the Asthma and Respiratory Foundation of New Zealand, the Child Health Research Foundation, the Hawke’s Bay Medical Research Foundation, the Waikato Medical Research Foundation, Glaxo Wellcome New Zealand, the NZ Lottery Board and Astra Zeneca New Zealand). Glaxo Wellcome International Medical Affairs supported the regional coordination for Phase III and the IIDC. Without help from all of the above, ISAAC would not have been such a global success.en_GB
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVE: To explore the consequences of translating the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) English core questionnaires on asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms into other languages. DESIGN: ISAAC Phase III developed 49 language translations for adolescents and 42 for children following standardised guidelines, which included back-translating the questionnaires into English to check their accuracy and meaning. Language deviations were categorised and analysed with regard to infl uences on the reported symptom prevalence. RESULTS: Category 1 deviations for one or more questions were found in seven translations (14%) for adolescents and in three translations (7%) for children. Data for these questions were excluded from the worldwide analyses. Category 2 deviations were identified in the publications, and Category 3 deviations were ignored. CONCLUSIONS: Translations of questionnaires should follow a consistent protocol in global epidemiological research. Cultural norms need to be considered when evaluating back-translations into English, as disease labels are not available in every language, nor are they understood in the same way. Deviations from literal translations of English should be permitted if the intent of the original meaning is retained. A web-based tool of medical terminology would be useful for international research requiring the use of translations.en_GB
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherInternational Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseaseen_GB
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_GB
dc.subjectQuestionnaires -- Translationsen_GB
dc.subjectAsthma in childrenen_GB
dc.subjectEczema in childrenen_GB
dc.subjectRhintisen_GB
dc.titleTranslation of questions : the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) experienceen_GB
dc.typearticleen_GB
dc.rights.holderThe copyright of this work belongs to the author(s)/publisher. The rights of this work are as defined by the appropriate Copyright Legislation or as modified by any successive legislation. Users may access this work and can make use of the information contained in accordance with the Copyright Legislation provided that the author must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the prior permission of the copyright holder.en_GB
dc.contributor.corpauthorISAAC Phase Three Study Group
dc.description.reviewedpeer-revieweden_GB
dc.publication.titleThe International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseaseen_GB
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