Vitamin D : its role in the musculoskeletal system and beyond

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency has a high prevalence due to inadequate exposure to sunlight and its limited presence in foods. Vitamin D deficiency has well-known consequences on the musculoskeletal system, namely osteoporosis and frequent falls in the elderly, in view of its effect on calcium absorption. The discovery of the vitamin D receptor in many cells and its ability to regulate the transcription of over 200 genes, has created interest with regards to the role of vitamin D in the modulation of cell growth, inflammation and immune functions. Guidelines recommend screening individuals at risk of vitamin D deficiency, and supplementing when necessary.