Unravelling the tangle of genetic testing : part 2

Abstract

Apart from the DNA sequences that can be translated into the corresponding protein, the gene contains or is related to other sequences that control its function and expression. Just upstream of the start codon there is a region that is called the promoter region. This area controls (promotes) the expression of the corresponding gene. Other sequences, this time downstream from the last codon, can also exert: control on the gene transcription (enhancing mRNA production). Other important areas are the 5' and 3' untranslated regions, the former playing a major role in the control of mRNA translation whilst the latter has an important role in mRNA stability.