Towards an integrated and synergized social policy : concepts and strategies

Abstract

The post-war welfare state has grown up quickly and extensively in Europe (p. Flora, 1987), but social policies have tended to develop over time in a largely piecemeal manner. Very few welfare systems are unequivocally institutional or residual in character. They are mostly built up in mixed forms. Social policies still remain fragmentary and patchy almost everywhere. Individuals and families have received increasing support, at least until the mid-1970's, but they have been and still continue being unable to give a comprehensive meaning to the complex of their needs and to the possible or envisaged solutions to them. During the 1980's, the crisis of the welfare state has strengthened these trends. European states have recognized an increasing number of civil and social rights. But, in pursuing them, the welfare system has also caused new social, economic, cultural and political problems.