Yoga for the reduction of cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer

Abstract

Overview of the topic: Experiencing breast cancer and the associated treatment, patients suffer various side effects, amongst which is cancer-related fatigue. This symptom results in distress, and reduced quality of life and habitual functioning. For the management of cancer-related fatigue, interventions such as yoga can be deliberated. Therefore, this dissertation evaluates literature concerning the effectiveness of yoga in reducing cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer.

The research question: Using the PICO framework, the research question “Is yoga effective in reducing cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients?” was formulated. (P) Adult female breast cancer patients, (I) Yoga, (C) No Yoga, (O) Reduced cancer-related fatigue.

Method: A thorough systematic search was conducted through nine databases to achieve relevant studies. The inclusion criteria comprised studies which included; adult female breast cancer patients (18+) of any nationality and undergoing cancer treatment as the population, excluding post-treatment patients; any yoga intervention, excluding other physical and mind-body interventions; and reduction not prevention of cancer-related fatigue as the outcome. Included studies were peer-reviewed, published in English in the last ten years and were either systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised-controlled trials or cohort studies, excluding other study designs. Seven key Randomised-Controlled Trials were identified for critical appraisal which was conducted using the related CASP tool.

Results: The findings seemed to favour the effectiveness of yoga in reducing cancerrelated fatigue in breast cancer patients. However, due to limitations present within the appraised literature and inconsistencies between findings, a definite conclusion could not be drawn.

Implications and Recommendations: Further global and local research is necessary to establish the effectiveness of yoga. Healthcare professionals and students, and breast cancer patients should be educated regarding yoga and its potential benefits. Guidelines and policies should be established for the prospective yoga integration in care and as guidance to the identification and eligibility of vulnerable patients to yoga.