Degradation of wetlands in the Maltese Islands : case studies from Marsascala and St. Paul's Bay

Abstract

This study aims to identify and describe the major threats that are degrading wetlands in the Maltese Islands. First of all, this study begins by describing what is a wetland and its importance in the Maltese ecosystem. This study sustains that one of the major concerns of wetland degradation is the lack of awareness amongst the Maltese people. Therefore, questionnaires were carried out to find out the people's perception about what the wetlands are and whether they are aware of the major issues concerning these sites. 11-Maghluq ta' Marsascala and at Is-Simar, located in the Pwales Valley near St. Paul's Bay were used as case studies for this research. Surveys and desk studies were conducted in both localities to describe the environmental state of the local marshlands and identify the major activities which are causing the degradation of these sites. Results for the desk studies show that there are a number of factors that are harming these coastal environments. In spite of this, results from the questionnaire surveys also showed that attitudes were more positive than expected. The general public showed genuine concern about certain issues. But, the main point that was repeatedly emphasised throughout the whole report was that lack of awareness is still a major issue. Not enough is being done to educate the general public about the nature and value of Maltese marshlands. Moreover, awareness motivates people to become more proactive towards wetland conservation. Education is considered to be the way forward.