Loneliness : the perspective of older persons in the Birkirkara community on what assists them to manage loneliness

Abstract

How do older persons in Birkirkara define and manage loneliness? The purpose of this research study is to obtain information from the perspective of older persons in regards to what assists them to manage loneliness within their community and private lives. The research sought to address not only coping mechanisms of older persons in their community but also to gain further perspective into the definition of loneliness. On one hand, obtaining more definitions of loneliness aids in better understanding it as a concept. On the other hand, obtaining information from the older persons themselves on what assists them and what does not, helps in informing the community on what interventions are suitable for that population group in the community. The data was gathered from ten telephone interviews which included 5 males and 5 females all above the age of 65 years. The recordings of the interviews were transcribed and coded through the process of thematic analysis, out of which five themes emerged: Perceptions and definitions related to loneliness; Personal Aids to Managing Loneliness; Social Connectedness; The Birkirkara Community; and Barriers to managing loneliness. Through the thematic analysis a better understanding of loneliness was developed from the perspectives of older persons. Alongside this, light was shed on what the participants do day-to-day to manage loneliness, either on a personal and community basis. The interviews revealed a number of ways of how they cope with loneliness, in addition to what hinders them from applying these methods. This research concludes that during the COVID-19 pandemic loneliness was prevalent especially for older persons since older persons are more susceptible to COVID-19 and its physical and psychological harms due to their vulnerability. Technology and entertainment were seen as necessities and Godsend by many. Generally, participants looked at occupying their day with meaningful tasks and errands so as to manage their time efficiently. Many services, groups and programs were identified in the Birkirkara community however some participants mentioned that more information needs to be readily available. Alongside this it was noted that more outreach should be conducted by several professionals working within the community sector. This would allow those who are either uninformed or need encouragement, to be supported by the community. Recommendations for future research, service programs and developments in social work are also highlighted.