A narrative analysis of individuals with HIV in Malta using a critical disability studies framework

Abstract

This research explored the experiences of individuals living with HIV in Malta. As a researcher I chose to delve into this because the experiences of these individuals are rather unexplored and misunderstood, both locally and within disability studies. An emancipatory critical disability studies framework was used in order to explore issues and barriers they encounter. A qualitative approach to generate the data was used. The participants were recruited by HIV Malta as gatekeepers through purposive sampling. Each participant was given an information letter regarding the study and a consent form to sign. Semi-structured interviews were carried out to four participants. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in verbatim by the researcher. Narrative analysis was used to analyse the data and important codes were extracted and organised into themes. The two main themes revolve around the initial and current experiences of the participants. Initial experiences describe the experiences narrated related to diagnosis and the effect this had on self-identity. The latter theme explores current experiences that the participants still face such as important turning points in their experiences as individuals living with HIV, issues related to disclosure, experiences of stigma and related barriers, support networks that were considered important to the participants, and the role of education and awareness about HIV and HIV-related topics. These are examined and discussed further according to current and local studies presented in the literature review and in relation to the framework used. Since HIV services in Malta are mostly based on a medicine as a cultural system, further research on this subject, recommendations for change in policy and in existing services were made, including advocating for needed services.