Professionals’ perspectives on mental health classification systems

Abstract

Two of the most widely used classification systems in psychology and psychiatry today are the DSM-5 and ICD-11. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore professionals’ perspectives on these classification systems using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Findings showed that although tremendous advantages in practice, research, policies, and clients are recognised by the participants, they believe that both the DSM-5 and the ICD-11 have limitations and lack the capacity to create a sensical, holistic view of human experiences given their structural and contextual limitations as well as their tendency to be misused. Alarming consequences with the use of diagnostic labels are perceived to result in labelling and stigmatising tendencies which create resistance in treatment although, other clients may find a sense of containment and justification depending on specific diagnoses and how they were given. Furthermore, views on emerging frameworks vary but more favourable insights lean towards the dimensional model in psychopathology. Finally, perceptions on these frameworks, as well as the integration of alternative manuals or approaches in the clinical practice, vary depending on one’s theoretical orientation.