Dance beyond therapy : the perceptions of individuals with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers

Abstract

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurological impairment, which changes the individual’s self-perception, way of life, the relationship dynamics that the person has with others and their caregivers’ lives. Recently, different forms of arts, in particular dance, were described to act as a source of empowerment and as an expression tool for disabled people (Ali, Cushey & Siddique, 2017). Although, these benefits were identified in various international research studies, locally there has been scarce research on the effects of dance on individuals with PD and their caregivers. Therefore, this research aims to identify (a) the challenges faced by individuals with PD and their caregivers following the development of PD and (b) the effects of attending dance classes, specifically to identify whether these classes are seen as beneficial solely for their therapeutic benefits, or if their benefits go beyond therapy. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative research approach was adopted, under a conceptual framework based on the social model of disability and the affirmative model of disability. Additionally, the emancipatory principles of disability were abided to as much as possible throughout the research process. Using case study methodology as my methodological framework, three case studies involving individuals with PD who attend dance classes and their caregivers, and observation sessions were carried out. With the objective of gathering information, semistructured interviews were carried out via Zoom with the individuals participating in the case studies, and several online classes were observed. Inductive thematic analysis was then used to extract themes and sub-themes. Overall, all the participants in this study acknowledged the benefits of attending dance classes. The benefits mentioned varied from acting as a source to resist dominant societal beliefs, to feeling beautiful. Moreover, participants felt that these dance classes gave them the opportunity to embrace PD as part of who they are and to form part of a wonderful family. Therefore, from what the participants shared; such dance classes are perceived to have a variety of positive impacts on the individuals’ lives that go beyond the therapeutic benefits that one can gain through dance. Finally, all the participants acknowledged the effects of their impairment, and societal challenges which they face in their lives, claiming that both factors motivated them to join dance classes. As a result of the findings, this study recommends that more disabled people should unite and make use of dance. Additionally, such findings should encourage individuals in society to view disability as a ‘difference’ that gives colour to our society and, therefore, should be accepted and celebrated.