Linking our bones to genes and metabolism

Abstract

Our bones are an amazing organ that together with muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints, form part of the musculoskeletal system. Besides providing support and structure to the human body, bones allow for movement and flexibility while protecting vital organs such as the brain, heart and lungs from injury. Without this rigid yet lightweight framework, the body would collapse on its own mass. Bones are involved in the production of red blood cells needed for the transport of oxygen throughout the body. They also act as a storage centre of minerals, predominantly calcium, and participate in endocrine regulation. More importantly, bones are not static. Throughout life, this living tissue undergoes continuous remodelling cycles, whereby old bone is degraded and replaced by healthier bone, repairing any defects in the process, and releasing minerals, hormones and factors required for the proper functioning of the body. Fascinating, right? [excerpt]